- #Floyd digital fundamentals 10th serial
- #Floyd digital fundamentals 10th code
- #Floyd digital fundamentals 10th series
Having two values or states describes a number system that has a base of two and utilizes 1 and 0 as its digits. Related to digits or discrete quantities having a set of discrete values. A PAL device is a form of PLD that uses a combination of a programmable AND array and a fixed OR array:Ģ6 Selected Key Terms Analog Digital Binary Bit Pulseīeing continuous or having continuous values. In general, they cost less and use less board space that fixed function devices. The logic can be programmed for a specific purpose. Programmable logic devices (PLDs) are an alternative to fixed function devices. Voltage Resistance Current In digital work, DMMs are useful for checking power supply voltages, verifying resistors, testing continuity, and occasionally making other measurements. The logic analyzer can display multiple channels of digital information or show data in tabular form.Ģ4 Summary Test and Measurement InstrumentsĠ.01 V The DMM can make three basic electrical measurements. Test and Measurement Instruments Normally, trigger on the slower of two waveforms when comparing signals.Ģ3 Summary Test and Measurement Instruments The front panel controls for a general-purpose oscilloscope can be divided into four major groups.Ģ2 Summary For measuring digital signals, use DC coupling DIP chips In this case, testing can be done by a computer connected to the system.ġ9 Summary Integrated Circuits DIP chips and surface mount chips Pin 1ĭual in-line package Small outline IC (SOIC)Ģ0 Summary Integrated Circuits Other surface mount packages:Ģ1 Summary Test and Measurement Instruments The circuit is wired using DIP chips and tested. One type of storage function is the shift register, that moves and stores data each time it is clocked.Ĭutaway view of DIP (Dual-In-line Pins) chip: The TTL series, available as DIPs are popular for laboratory experiments with logic.Īn example of laboratory prototyping is shown.
#Floyd digital fundamentals 10th code
…and other functions such as code conversion and storage. A few examples are: The comparison function Basic arithmetic functionsġ3 Summary Basic System Functions The encoding functionġ4 Summary Basic System Functions The data selection functionġ5 Summary Basic System Functions The counting functionĬounter Parallel output lines Binary code for 1 Binary code for 2 Binary code for 3 Binary code for 4 Binary code for 5 1 2 3 4 5 Input pulses Sequence of binary codes that represent the number of input pulses counted. NOT Indicates the opposite condition.Īnd, or, and not elements can be combined to form various logic functions. AND OR True only if one or more input conditions are true. True only if all input conditions are true.
#Floyd digital fundamentals 10th serial
Pulse width (tW) Amplitude (A) Period, TĪ timing diagram is used to show the relationship between two or more digital waveforms, A diagram like this can be observed directly on a logic analyzer.ĭata can be transmitted by either serial transfer or parallel transfer.ġ1 Summary AND OR NOT Basic Logic Functions In addition to frequency and period, repetitive pulse waveforms are described by the amplitude (A), pulse width (tW) and duty cycle. Example What is the period of a repetitive wave if f = 3.2 GHz? Solution 313 ps The clock is a basic timing signal that is an example of a periodic wave. The frequency is the rate it repeats and is measured in hertz. Periodic pulse waveforms are composed of pulses that repeats in a fixed interval called the period.
#Floyd digital fundamentals 10th series
Digital waveforms are made up of a series of pulses.Īctual pulses are not ideal but are described by the rise time, fall time, amplitude, and other characteristics.ħ Summary Example Solution Periodic Pulse Waveforms A positive going pulse is one that goes from a normally LOW logic level to a HIGH level and then back again. HIGH VH(min) Invalid VL(max) LOW VL(min)ĭigital waveforms change between the LOW and HIGH levels. A bit can have the value of either a 0 or a 1, depending on if the voltage is HIGH or LOW. VH(max) In binary, a single number is called a bit (for binary digit). The voltages represent numbers in the binary system. A typical CD player accepts digital data from the CD drive and converts it to an analog signal for amplification.ĭigital electronics uses circuits that have two states, which are represented by two different voltage levels called HIGH and LOW. Many systems use a mix of analog and digital electronics to take advantage of each technology. Digital systems can process, store, and transmit data more efficiently but can only assign discrete values to each point. Analog systems can generally handle higher power than digital systems. Most natural quantities that we see are analog and vary continuously. 1 Digital Fundamentals Floyd Chapter 1 Tenth Edition